1、 Differences in Space Utilization and Processing Capacity: Trapezoids are More Suitable for the Demand of "Expansion Sorting"
The cross-section of the rectangular jig chamber is a standard rectangle, with consistent width and height along the jig direction. The internal space is in a "straight tube" structure, and the ore is evenly distributed inside the chamber. However, the effective sorting volume of a single chamber is fixed, making it difficult to improve processing capacity through spatial optimization. The cross-section of the trapezoidal jig chamber is trapezoidal, usually gradually increasing in width or height along the direction of ore movement (from the feeding end to the discharging end), forming a "expandable" space. This design can reduce the congestion of ore during the sorting process - providing narrow space at the ore end to ensure uniform initial distribution, and wide space at the ore discharge end to provide greater buffering for the "density separation" of ore after stratification. Under the same equipment size, the actual processing capacity of trapezoidal jigs is 15% -30% higher than that of rectangular jigs, making it more suitable for large-scale roughing or intermediate selection operations.
2、 The difference between water flow movement and layering effect: trapezoids are more conducive to "precise layering"
The core of jig sorting is "water flow pulsation+density stratification", and the shape of the jig chamber directly affects the distribution of water flow and the stress on the ore. Due to the uniform space of the rectangular jig chamber, a "flat push" flow field is easily formed when the water flow fluctuates. The difference in water flow velocity near the chamber wall and center is small. However, the vertical stratification force of the ore mainly depends on the up and down fluctuation of the water flow, and the stratification speed is slow. Moreover, high-density minerals are prone to "wall sticking retention" and affect the separation purity. The trapezoidal jig chamber, due to the gradual spatial gradient, gradually reduces the flow velocity from the narrow end to the wide end, forming a "deceleration" flow field: the water flow velocity in the narrow space of the feeding end is higher, which can quickly drive the ore suspension; The water flow velocity slows down in the wide space of the ore discharge end, allowing the ore to settle more fully according to density - high-density minerals (such as metal minerals) quickly sink to the bottom of the chamber, while low-density minerals (such as gangue) float up with the water flow. The layering accuracy is 20% -25% higher than that of rectangular jigs, especially suitable for mineral sorting with small density differences.
3、 Differences in ore discharge control and operational adaptability: Trapezoids are more conducive to "stable ore discharge"
The stability of the ore discharge of the jig directly affects the sorting index. The rectangular jig chamber has a fixed width, and the discharge port needs to be completely matched with the chamber width. If the particle size of the ore fluctuates (such as sudden appearance of large pieces of ore), it is easy to cause blockage or "coarsening" of the discharge port (high-density coarse particles are discharged with the tailings); When discharging ore, the "displacement distance" of the ore at the bottom of the room is fixed, and some ore that is not fully stratified may be forcibly discharged, reducing the recovery rate. Due to the larger width of the discharge end, the trapezoidal jig chamber can be designed with a "wide adjustable" discharge port, which can accommodate ore with particle size fluctuations and adjust the discharge speed to provide a longer "secondary stratification" distance for the ore at the bottom of the chamber; At the same time, the inclination angle of the trapezoidal chamber bottom (usually coordinated with the width gradient direction) can assist the ore in moving towards the discharge port, reduce the risk of blockage, and have stronger operational adaptability, especially suitable for processing ores with a wide particle size range (such as 5-50mm).